This technical note presents preliminary estimates for the excavation forces required across 
defined lunar regolith zones L1 through L5. These estimates are grounded in established 
terrestrial excavation principles, including tool-soil interaction mechanics, cutting 
resistance behavior, and empirical force ranges observed in granular and fractured 
geomaterials. However, these terrestrial models have been carefully adapted to account for 
the unique environmental constraints of the lunar surface, namely: vacuum conditions, 
reduced gravitational acceleration (~1/6g), and the well-documented electrostatic 
properties of fine regulates.